CBSE 2025, Set 2

Question

**Assertion (A):** A hole is an apparent free particle with effective positive electronic charge.

**Reason (R):** A hole is not necessarily a vacancy left behind by an electron in the valence band. A). Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A). B). Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A). C). Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. D). Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Edvaya · Accepted Answer

The correct answer is Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.. **Step 1: Check Assertion (A)**
In semiconductor physics, when an electron breaks its covalent bond and moves to the conduction band, it leaves behind a vacancy in the valence band. This vacancy acts as an apparent free particle carrying an effective positive charge, and it is called a "hole". (Assertion is **True**).

**Step 2: Check Reason (R)**
By definition, a hole in a semiconductor is *exactly* the vacancy left behind by an electron in the valence band. It cannot exist independently of this vacancy. (Reason is **False**).

Thus, A is true, but R is false.

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Physics > Modern Physics > Semiconductor Electronics

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