CBSE 2025, Set 2

Question

Assertion (A): The number of white winged moths decreased after industrialisation in England.
Reason (R): Effects of industrialisation were more marked in rural areas of England.

Select the correct option: A). Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). B). Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). C). (A) is true, but (R) is false. D). (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Edvaya · Accepted Answer

The correct answer is (A) is true, but (R) is false.. **SOLUTION** **Assertion (A) is True:** After industrialisation in England, tree trunks became dark with soot. The white-winged moths were easily spotted by predators against the dark background, leading to a decrease in their population (industrial melanism). **Reason (R) is False:** The effects of industrialisation (smoke, soot) were strictly marked in **urban and industrial** areas, not in rural areas where tree trunks remained relatively light-colored and white-winged moths continued to thrive.

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