List of Presidents (1950–Present)
Droupadi Murmu (b. 1958)
Prior Office: Governor of Jharkhand
Key Facts:
- First Tribal President of India.
- Second woman to hold the office.
- First President to be born after Independence.
- Youngest person to be elected President.
Ram Nath Kovind (b. 1945)
Prior Office: Governor of Bihar
Key Facts:
- Second Dalit President of India (after K.R. Narayanan).
Pranab Mukherjee (1935–2020)
Prior Office: Union Finance Minister
Key Facts:
- First President from West Bengal.
- Awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2019.
Pratibha Patil (b. 1934)
Prior Office: Governor of Rajasthan
Key Facts:
- First Woman President of India.
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (1931–2015)
Background: Scientist (Aerospace/Defense)
Key Facts:
- Known as the "Missile Man of India" and "People's President".
- First scientist and first bachelor to become President.
- First President to be elected with the support of both ruling and opposition parties unanimously (mostly).
K.R. Narayanan (1920–2005)
Prior Office: Vice President of India
Key Facts:
- First Dalit President of India.
- Oldest person to be elected President (at that time).
- First President to vote in a general election while in office.
Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma (1918–1999)
Prior Office: Vice President of India
Key Facts:
- Served as the Governor of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, and Maharashtra before becoming VP.
R. Venkataraman (1910–2009)
Prior Office: Vice President of India
Key Facts:
- Appointed four Prime Ministers during his tenure (Rajiv Gandhi, V.P. Singh, Chandra Shekhar, and P.V. Narasimha Rao).
Giani Zail Singh (1916–1994)
Prior Office: Union Home Minister
Key Facts:
- First Sikh President of India.
- Famous for exercising the Pocket Veto on the Indian Post Office (Amendment) Bill, 1986.
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (1913–1996)
Prior Office: Speaker of Lok Sabha
Key Facts:
- Elected Unopposed: The only President to be elected unopposed.
- Youngest President ever elected (until Droupadi Murmu).
B.D. Jatti (1912–2002)
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (1905–1977)
Key Facts:
- Second President to die in office.
- Signed the proclamation of Emergency in 1975.
V.V. Giri (1894–1980)
Key Facts:
- Only President to be elected as an independent candidate.
- Only President elected on the basis of Second Preference Votes.
Mohammad Hidayatullah (1905–1992)
Key Facts:
- Chief Justice of India who served as Acting President (as both President and VP positions were vacant).
V.V. Giri (Acting)
Dr. Zakir Husain (1897–1969)
Key Facts:
- First Muslim President of India.
- First President to die in office.
- Shortest Tenure among all Presidents.
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975)
Prior Office: First Vice President of India
Key Facts:
- His birthday (Sept 5) is celebrated as Teacher's Day.
- First Vice President to become President.
Dr. Rajendra Prasad (1884–1963)
Background: Freedom Fighter, President of Constituent Assembly
Key Facts:
- First President of Independent India.
- Longest Serving: The only President to serve two full terms (12 years).
Important Facts Summary
- Longest Tenure: Dr. Rajendra Prasad (1950–1962).
- Shortest Tenure: Dr. Zakir Husain (died in office).
- Elected Unopposed: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (1977).
- First Woman: Pratibha Patil (2007).
- First Tribal: Droupadi Murmu (2022).
- Died in Office: Dr. Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed.
- CJI as Acting President: Justice M. Hidayatullah (1969).
- Pocket Veto Used by: Giani Zail Singh (1986).
Practice Questions
Q1: Who is the only President of India to have been elected unopposed?
Answer: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (1977).
Q2: Who was the first Chief Justice of India to officiate as the President?
Answer: Justice M. Hidayatullah (July–August 1969).
Q3: Which President is known for exercising the 'Pocket Veto'?
Answer: Giani Zail Singh (on the Indian Post Office Amendment Bill).
Q4: Who are the two Presidents who died while in office?
Answer: Dr. Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed.
Q5: Which President was elected based on second preference votes?
Answer: V.V. Giri.